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Antti Kananen

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The Evolution of Battle Pass, Event Pass, and Season Pass Systems

Battle Pass systems have become a cornerstone of modern game monetization, spanning across F2P mobile games and premium titles that incorporate live-service elements. Games like Helldivers 2, Brawl Stars, and Fortnite have refined and iterated on these models, making them integral to engagement loops and long-term retention. However, with increasing saturation, what’s next for these systems? How can they evolve beyond the current engagement-monetization balance? This is where we’ll be focusing in this article, on top of which we’ll cover the current state of these systems.Engagement-Monetization Tie-in: The Battle Pass EquationAt their core, Battle Passes (including Event and Season Passes) operate on a simple yet effective model:Engagement Loop: Players are incentivized to return daily or weekly to complete tasks that progress their pass, maintaining retention.Monetization Layer: The pass monetizes via a free and premium tier system, offering rewards that justify […]

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The Future of F2P Games and Hybrid Monetization

Systematic and emergent gameplay mechanics are a powerful tool in game design; shaping some of the most memorable and engaging player experiences.From physics-driven mechanics, puzzles, etc. to open-ended economic and systemic simulations, these mechanics allow players to interact dynamically with a game world rather than following pre-scripted paths. However, despite their growing popularity, their full potential for F2P mobile games and premium games incorporating F2P economies is still largely untapped.In this article, we'll explore how systematic and emergent gameplay can be leveraged for monetization, engagement, and live service sustainability — making it a cost-efficient alternative to content-heavy LiveOps while maintaining player retention. We’ll also take a look into how these mechanics align with intrinsic motivations, intrinsic monetization and social group monetization, creating deep and meaningful engagement-monetization loops that extend beyond e.g., traditional extrinsic reward systems.The Efficiency of Systematic and Emergent […]

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Economic and Real-life Systems as Monetization and Gameplay Mechanics

Monetization in F2P mobile games and Premium Games incorporating F2P mechanics has largely revolved around a handful of tried-and-true methods such as battle passes, gacha, limited-time offers, and soft friction mechanics. However, there remains a vast, unexplored blue ocean of economic and real-life inspired systems that could redefine how we design F2P game economies, player interactions, and monetization strategies.This article explores how these macro-economic and political systems can be used to enhance player engagement, create new monetization opportunities, and introduce social mechanics that go far beyond e.g., leaderboards and guilds. All from F2P point of view.Note: Inspiration for the article comes not just from my mind but from couple discussions I’ve taken part in via LinkedIn as well as throughout other personal venturing. Big thanks for those involved for giving inspiration for me to explore these topics on a scale!Economic […]

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The Evolution of F2P Monetization in Premium Games

In recent years, the gaming industry has witnessed a significant convergence between F2P monetization strategies and premium, full-priced games. Developers are increasingly integrating F2P elements such as microtransactions, DLC, battle passes, and premium currencies into premium titles to enhance (in well executed cases) player engagement and generate additional revenue streams.Microtransactions and DLC in Premium GamesTraditionally, premium games offered substantial content upfront, with occasional expansions or DLCs providing additional gameplay, storylines, or characters.However, the landscape has evolved, and many premium titles now incorporate microtransactions — small, optional purchases that allow players to acquire in-game items, cosmetics, characters, or other enhancements. For example, games like Diablo 4 and Helldivers 2 have implemented in-game stores focusing on e.g., cosmetic items and battle passes, generating revenue beyond other means. Helldivers 2, in particular, has been perceived positively (mostly, whilst some of their package prices […]

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Social Group Monetization: High-Level Theory and Applications

Social group monetization is a powerful and nuanced approach to player engagement, which leverages the dynamics of group behavior and interaction to create monetization opportunities that feel rewarding and intrinsic. This strategy goes beyond individual spending to focus on how collective engagement can drive revenue while fostering community satisfaction. I explore the underlying principles in this article and provide actionable examples for various genres, from RPGs to casual games. Note: The topics and pointers here I’m introducing are something that I’ve learned also by studying economists and their writings on the field, and some of the credits should go to them on putting my head towards rightly tuned channels around these things on top of my existing understanding and know-how. You can find some of these directly from my Recommendations section here: https://gamesalchemy.substack.com/recommendations — from where I would suggest you checking […]

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Power of Intrinsic Motivations in Product Marketing

In the ever-evolving landscape of mobile gaming, the pressure to drive immediate results has often led marketers to lean heavily on extrinsic motivations. Strategies rooted in FOMO, exaggerated claims, or outright misleading tactics have proven their effectiveness in short-term gains.However, what if the key to long-term success lies in something more profound?By focusing on audience profiling, unique selling points (USPs), and value propositions (value props) from the perspective of intrinsic motivations, marketers would be able to craft ads and creatives that truly resonates with their audiences — building deeper connections and sustainable engagement.This is where we’ll be focusing on this article, incl. giving an example of a simple tool around these means.The Role of Audience Profiling in Meaningful MarketingAudience profiling is the foundation of effective marketing. It allows you to understand the needs, desires, and motivations of your target users […]

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Finding Your USP and Value Propositions

How deep you usually go for defining your game’s unique selling points (USPs) and value propositions (value props)? Do you just play a competitor game quickly and scratch the surface of this layer, or do you go deeply in breaking down your competitor games? This article focuses on discussing USPs and value props for games and why they matter — as well as giving an example exercise (one way among many) on defining USPs more better, if you haven’t ever done it thoroughly (which you should always do). Why USPs and Value Props Matter In today’s industry, where competition is fierce and player expectations are ever-evolving, the importance of USPs and value propos cannot be overstated. USPs and value props aren’t just marketing buzzwords — they are the DNA of your game’s success. They guide development, attract the right players, […]

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Get Your Iterative Game Development Right

The most important part in games production, on a quest to build a successful game, is getting iterative development right — yet, most don't get it right or don't even know how to approach it right.This article focuses on the ‘core’ of iterative development, with an intention to (potentially) help to set some of you better on track for creating, and shipping, better performing games — from both the players’ point of view (PoV) as well as from the commercial PoV.Note: This article excludes process coverage, for now, which I might tackle in later articles about games production and topics related to iterative development. Further exclusions are mentioned in the article itself, as the case applies. Furthermore, understanding this article requires some level of understanding (theoretical and/or practical) of game development processes for direct applications. If there is no such […]

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Intrinsic Monetization: Alternative Path to Lasting Engagement

This article discusses Intrinsic Monetization as a framework for F2P monetization strategy.On top of that, the article offers detailed examples of how you could innovate with intrinsic directions, in unique ways, in your designs as well as what can in best way complement your systems — which I’m hoping will spark some innovative ideas for everyone regarding their future game prospects.Intrinsic MonetizationAs the gaming industry evolves, intrinsic monetization is a framework everyone should know and study more — for building sustainable success.Unlike extrinsic models that rely on e.g., rewards-based systems most or external pressures like time-limited offers or competitive paywalls, intrinsic monetization aligns with players' internal motivations, fostering genuine engagement and connection.What is Intrinsic Monetization?Intrinsic monetization integrates monetization into the core of the gameplay experience in ways that feel natural and fulfilling to players.The key focus of it is here: […]

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The Future of Web Games: Beyond What We Know Today

When looked critically, for the past 10–20 years, web gaming has not evolved much and it's been on repeat, with little innovation beyond what we saw a decade or more ago, even it’s currently growing again steadily.This article focuses on a discussion and trend and prediction setting about the future of Web Games.The Future of Web GamingThe future of web gaming doesn’t just lie in improving what already exists and it isn't on instant games, current portals, etc. — I believe it’s in reinventing how we think about gameplay, meta game, social experiences / systems, and cross-platform potential.The next unicorn and even decacorn companies in gaming will come from those who think beyond current models and explore new territories, such as:🔹 User Experience Innovation: Creating fluid, immersive experiences that feel fresh and intuitive. Imagine e.g., how different types of UI […]

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Mobile Games Benchmarking

How do you usually approach (early stage) mobile games benchmarking? This article discusses about benchmarking and introduces couple methods (/’schools’) over it.The article is partly related to (/complements it) also my previous article about importance of Business Modeling (https://gamesalchemy.substack.com/p/6-why-business-modeling-your-f2p):How To Approach Benchmarking?There seems to be on high level few ‘schools’ to look into:One goes deep in understanding KPIs from macro tools such as Sensor Tower, data ai, AppMagic and other sources of data (ad networks, MMPs, industry reports, industry peers, etc.), and using them in combination for benchmarking.‘Schools’ that with current commercial sentiment aim, e.g., for hybrid casual games to have 40-50% (or even more) D1 and < $1 CPIs (US) for starting point — to invest further (kinda overlooks benchmarking, but counts in a target profiling of top 5-100 games in certain categories).‘Schools’ that start with scientific approach where […]

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‘Unorthodox’ Product and Positioning Strategies

Let's talk about 'unorthodox' Product & Positioning strategies no-one is currently looking into! This article focuses on covering and discussing 'unorthodox' Product and Positioning Strategies that are beyond current commercial sentiment in F2P Mobile Games Welcome to the ‘Unorthodox’ Side of Things! However, despite this, there are lots of opportunities out there no-one is currently looking into; OR they work on them in total secrecy! Shh-h! We’re exploring the shadowy place here. What I mean by ‘unorthodox’ here is everything that is basically beyond the current commercial sentiment and state / phase of the mobile games industry. Here are few examples of 'unorthodox' Product & Positioning strategies that are 'forbidden': Genres and sub-genres no-one is looking to invest in. As publishers, VCs and investors tend to avoid certain midcore, hardcore, and other markets with certain characteristics, there's less money flowing […]

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